हतो वा प्राप्स्यसि स्वर्गं जित्वा वा भोक्ष्यसे महीम्। तस्मादुत्तिष्ठ कौन्तेय युद्धाय कृतनिश्चयः॥

hato vā prāpsyasi svargaṃ jitvā vā bhokṣyase mahīm / tasmāt uttiṣṭha kaunteya yuddhāya kṛta-niścayaḥ

Die and win heaven. Conquer and enjoy the earth. Either way you gain — so rise and fight.

Word by word (4)
hato vā prāpsyasi svargam
— if slain, you will attain heaven
jitvā vā bhokṣyase mahīm
— if victorious, you will enjoy the earth · The complete logical dilemma: both outcomes of righteous battle are gains. There is no losing outcome — only refusing to fight constitutes a loss.
tasmāt uttiṣṭha kaunteya
— therefore rise up, O son of Kunti · 'Uttiṣṭha' — rise up. Arjuna sank (V1.47); Krishna commands him to rise. This is the culmination of the conventional argument before Karma Yoga begins.
yuddhāya kṛta-niścayaḥ
— determined to fight / having made your resolve

'If you are killed, you gain heaven. If you conquer, you enjoy the earth. Therefore rise up, O Kaunteya — determined to fight.'

A modern analogy

The argument is structured as a complete dilemma with no losing outcome: if the worst happens (death), you win (heaven). If the best happens (victory), you win (the earth). The only losing outcome is not acting. Therefore the instruction is clear: 'uttiṣṭha' — rise up. 'Kṛta-niścayaḥ' — with determination made.

Take with you

  • The dilemma is complete: death = heaven, victory = earth. There is no negative outcome in righteous action.
  • 'Uttiṣṭha' — rise up. A command. The entire social/duty argument culminates in this word.
  • 'Kṛta-niścayaḥ' — having made your determination. The rising must come from decision, not impulse.

V37 closes the conventional argument section (V31-37) with a complete logical structure: righteous battle has two possible outcomes (death / victory), both of which are gains. Therefore there is no logical basis for hesitation. The word 'uttiṣṭha' (rise up) echoes the physical posture throughout: Arjuna sank into his chariot seat (V1.47); Krishna has been giving reasons to rise. This is the culmination of that rising — but not yet the deepest reason. V38 will introduce the Karma Yoga teaching, which transcends all the conventional arguments.

Public-domain translations (4) compare all →

Die, and you win heaven; conquer, and you enjoy the earth. Therefore, stand up, O son of Kunti, determined to fight. [4]

Slain, thou shalt obtain heaven; conqueror, thou shalt enjoy the earth. Therefore arise, O Arjuna, determined to fight. [6]

Therefore, up! quit thee like a man! For, if thou diest, thou shalt enter Heaven; and if thou livest and dost conquer, thou shalt reign on earth. Arise, Son of Kunti. [7]

Dying, you will obtain heaven; conquering, you will enjoy the earth. Therefore stand up, O son of Kunti, determined to fight. [9]

This verse speaks to

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