मच्चितस् सर्वदुर्गाणि मत्प्रसादात् तरिष्यसि । अथ चेत् त्वम् अहंकारान् न श्रोष्यसि विनङ्क्ष्यसि ॥

mac-citas sarva-durgāṇi mat-prasādāt tariṣyasi | atha cet tvam ahaṃkārān na śroṣyasi vinaṅkṣyasi ||

With mind in Me, by My grace you will cross all obstacles; but from egotism if you will not hear, you will perish.

Word by word (3)
mac-citas sarva-durgāṇi mat-prasādāt tariṣyasi
— with mind fixed in Me (mac-citas = My-minded), you will cross over (tariṣyasi = shall-cross, future of tṝ = to cross/overcome) all difficulties/obstacles (sarva-durgāṇi = sarva + durga = all-difficult-passages, all forts = all obstacles) by My grace (mat-prasādāt) — the positive promise: mac-citta + mat-prasāda = overcoming all
atha cet tvam ahaṃkārān na śroṣyasi vinaṅkṣyasi
— but (atha cet = but if) you (tvam), from egotism (ahaṃkārāt = from ahaṃkāra = from ego-sense), will not hear (na śroṣyasi = shall-not-hear, future; not-listening/not-attending-to), you will perish (vinaṅkṣyasi = shall-be-destroyed, from vi + naś = completely-perish) — the stark alternative: ahaṃkāra blocks mat-prasāda → destruction
ahaṃkārān na śroṣyasi
— from egotism will not hear; na śroṣyasi means not-hearing Krishna's teaching out of ahaṃkāra (ego-sense of being the autonomous doer); the same ahaṃkāra released in V53 is now identified as the obstacle to receiving mat-prasāda; ahaṃkāra blocks surrender → blocks mat-prasāda → blocks liberation → vinaṅkṣyasi (perish/destruction)

With your mind in Me, by My grace you will cross all obstacles; but if from egotism you will not hear Me, you will perish.

A modern analogy

V58 presents two paths in stark contrast: (1) mac-citas + mat-prasāda → sarva-durgāṇi crossed; (2) ahaṃkāra → not-hearing Krishna → vinaṅkṣyasi. The contrast is a direct address to Arjuna's situation in Ch.1-2: his ahaṃkāra (I know better, I will not fight) vs. mac-citta (surrender to Krishna's teaching). The teaching is: the same egotism that blocked Arjuna in Ch.1 will destroy him if it persists.

V58 provides the direct two-path formulation: mac-citta → mat-prasāda → all difficulties overcome vs. ahaṃkāra → not-hearing → perish. This is the Gita's sharpest statement of the stakes. After 17+ chapters of teaching, Krishna returns to the fundamental binary: surrender (mac-citta + mat-prasāda) or ego-obstruction (ahaṃkāra blocking hearing). The word śroṣyasi (will hear) connects to the Gita's frame as a teaching — hearing/receiving the teaching requires the same inner surrender (mac-citta) that the content of the teaching advocates.

Vinaṅkṣyasi (you will perish) is strong language — destruction, not merely difficulty. The Gita does not soften the consequence of choosing ahaṃkāra over surrender. This is not a threat but a description of natural consequence: ahaṃkāra, being the root of ego-driven action, produces the cycle of karma-binding → rebirth → suffering that is the opposite of liberation. In refusing to hear through ahaṃkāra, one literally chooses continued bondage (which is vinaśana of the opportunity for liberation).

Public-domain translations (4) compare all →

Fixing thy heart in Me, thou shalt, by My Grace, cross over all difficulties; but if from egotism thou wilt not hear Me, thou shalt perish. [1]

Fixing thy mind on Me, thou shalt, by My grace, overcome all obstacles; but if from self-conceit thou wilt not hear Me, thou shalt perish. [4]

MISSING from index. [9]

Fixing thy thoughts on Me, thou wilt surmount all difficulties through my grace. But if from self-conceit thou wilt not listen, thou wilt then utterly perish. [13]

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