अस्माकं तु विशिष्टा ये तान्निबोध द्विजोत्तम। नायका मम सैन्यस्य संज्ञार्थं तान्ब्रवीमि ते॥

asmākaṃ tu viśiṣṭā ye tān nibodha dvijottama / nāyakā mama sainyasya saṃjñārthaṃ tān bravīmi te

Having surveyed the enemy, Duryodhana now needs to reassure himself by listing his own assets.

Word by word (10)
asmākam
— of us / on our side
tu
— but / and
viśiṣṭāḥ
— distinguished / most capable
ye
— those who
nibodha
— know / hear / understand
dvija-uttama
— O best of the twice-born (address to Drona, a brahmin) · Drona is both a brahmin (dvija) and a great warrior — a rare combination. Duryodhana flatters him with this address.
nāyakāḥ
— leaders / commanders
mama sainyasya
— of my army
saṃjñā-artham
— for information / for your awareness
bravīmi te
— I tell you

Duryodhana now shifts: 'But know also, O greatest of teachers, the leaders of my own army — let me name the most distinguished, so you can see what we have on our side.'

A modern analogy

After surveying the competition, a nervous leader pulls out their own team's roster and begins reading it aloud — as much to steady themselves as to inform the person they're speaking to. 'But we have these people. Let me tell you what we have.'

Take with you

  • After honestly assessing an opponent's strength, it is natural to then inventory your own — this balance is wisdom.
  • Notice Duryodhana's word 'mama' — 'my' army. The possessive reveals his mindset. It is not 'our cause' but 'my resources.'
  • Flattery often accompanies requests — Duryodhana calls Drona 'dvijottama' (best of twice-born) before asking him to listen.

The pivot in verse 7 — from 'their army' to 'my army' — reveals Duryodhana's underlying psychology. He has completed his reconnaissance of the opposition and now turns to self-assessment. But notice what has changed: the Pandava warriors were described in terms of their quality ('equal to Bhima and Arjuna '). Duryodhana now describes his own warriors as 'viśiṣṭāḥ' — distinguished, eminent. He is not making a neutral comparison; he is building a case. The address 'dvijottama' — best of the twice-born — is Duryodhana at his most politically astute. Drona is a brahmin and warrior combined. By calling him 'best of the twice-born,' Duryodhana acknowledges Drona's brahmin identity (not just his warrior function), which is both respectful and a subtle emotional appeal.

Advaita lens

The shift from 'their people' to 'my people' in Duryodhana's speech is precisely what Shankaracharya identifies as the root of all conflict: mamakāra (mine-ness) and ahaṃkāra (I-ness). The ego defines itself through possession and opposition. This is the fundamental ignorance that the Gita will dismantle verse by verse.

Public-domain translations (2) compare all →

Know also, O best among the twice-born, the leaders of my army — those who are most distinguished amongst us. I name them now for thy information. [4]

Now learn, O best of Brahmins, who are the most distinguished amongst us, the leaders of my army — I name them for thy information. [9]

This verse speaks to

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