यातयामं गतरसं पूति पर्युषितं च यत् । उच्छिष्टम् अपि चामेध्यं भोजनं तामसप्रियम् ॥

yāta-yāmaṃ gata-rasaṃ pūti paryuṣitaṃ ca yat | ucchiṣṭam api cāmedhyaṃ bhojanaṃ tāmasa-priyam ||

Tāmasic food: stale, flavorless, putrid, overnight-old, others' remnants, impure — dear to those immersed in tamas.

Word by word (3)
yāta-yāmam gata-rasam pūti paryuṣitam ca yat
— that which is stale/cold (yāta-yāma = whose time has passed), devoid of taste (gata-rasa = rasa gone), putrid/stinking (pūti), and cooked overnight/leftover (paryuṣita)
ucchiṣṭam api cāmedhyam
— and also (api ca) the remnant-of-another's-meal (ucchiṣṭa), and what is impure/ritually unfit (amedhya) — both nutritionally and spiritually compromised
bhojanaṃ tāmasa-priyam
— this food/eating (bhojanam) is dear (priyam) to the tāmasic — tamas naturally gravitates toward what is inert, depleted, decayed

Food that is stale, flavorless, putrid, old/left over from the previous day, remnants of others' meals, and impure — this is the food dear to the tāmasic.

A modern analogy

Tāmasic food is like eating yesterday's garbage — literally depleted, spiritually impure, carrying others' prāṇic residue. Tamas (inertia, confusion, decay) resonates with food that has already passed its prime. The tāmasic person, lacking the clarity to discriminate or the energy to prepare fresh food, drifts toward whatever is available — regardless of its quality or age.

V10 closes the three-food section with tāmasic food. The contrast with V8 is total: V8's food increases life (āyus-vivardha); V10's food carries decay. V9's rājasic food at least has intensity — some rasa (taste) remains. V10's tāmasic food has gata-rasa (gone-rasa) — it is dead food. This mirrors the tamas principle itself: inertia, deadness, confusion, obscuration.

Ucchiṣṭa (remnants) and amedhya (impure/unfit for sacrifice) together indicate that tāmasic eating violates both social and ritual standards. In the Vedic framework, ucchiṣṭa carries the eater's prāṇic imprint — eating others' ucchiṣṭa absorbs their qualities. Amedhya food is unfit for offering (medha = sacrifice); eating it connects one to what cannot be offered to the divine. Both reinforce the tamas-qualities of confusion and inertia.

Public-domain translations (4) compare all →

The food which is stale, tasteless, putrid and rotten, refuse and impure, is dear to the Tamasic. [1]

That which is stale, tasteless, stinking, cooked overnight, refuse, and impure, is the food liked by the Tamasika. [4]

Food which is cold, has lost its taste, is putrid and stale, is the remnant (of another's meal), and is impure, is liked by the tamasic. [9]

The food which is cold, without savor, stinking and corrupt, and which is even refuse, and filthy, is dear to men of darkness. [13]

This verse speaks to

Where this thread continues