Shankaracharya's commentary, trans. Alladi Mahadeva Sastry (1897)
[1]Ploughing, cattle-rearing, and trade, are the duties of the Vaisyas, born of nature. And of the nature of service is the duty of the Sudra, born of nature.
BG 18.44
कृषिगोरक्ष्यवाणिज्यं वैश्यकर्म स्वभावजम् । परिचर्यात्मकं कर्म शूद्रस्यापि स्वभावजम् ॥
kṛṣi-go-rakṣya-vāṇijyaṃ vaiśya-karma svabhāva-jam | paricaryātmakaṃ karma śūdrasyāpi svabhāva-jam ||
"Vaiśya dharma: agriculture, cattle-care, trade — born of svabhāva. Śūdra dharma: service — born of svabhāva."
All public-domain translations
4 translations · all pre-1928 or released to public domain · sources
Swami Swarupananda, Srimad Bhagavad Gita (1909)
[4]Agriculture, cattle-rearing, and trade are the duties of the Vaishyas, born of their own nature; and action consisting of service is the duty of the Shudras, born of their own nature.
K.T. Telang, Sacred Books of the East Vol. 8 (1882)
[9]MISSING from index.
K.M. Ganguli, The Mahabharata, Bhishma Parva (1883–96)
[13]Agriculture, tending of cattle, and trade, are the natural duties of Vaisyas. Of Sudras also, the natural duty consists in servitude.